Journal №7 (35) vol. 1 / 2020|KELM

LIST OF FILES

FEATURES OF MEDIA LITERACY FORMATION IN FUTURE TEACHERS OF PUBLIC SUBJECTS DURING PROFESSIONAL TRAINING AT THE HISTORICAL FACULTY OF THE NATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL DRAGOMANOV UNIVERSITY

Oksana Bohomaz

Postgraduate Student at the Department of Teaching Methods Social Disciplines and Gender Education of the Faculty of History
National Pedagogical Dragomanov University (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0133-1576

Anotation. The interrelationships between education and mass media in modern society are considered and the role that professional training should play in the formation of media literacy of future teachers of social subjects necessary for the XXI century is investigated. The structure and content of professional training of students of a pedagogical institution of higher education as a systemic phenomenon are revealed. Categories of modern literacy, such as media literacy, critical media literacy and media competence, have been studied. Interpretations of media literacy and media competence are considered with special emphasis on the current European and in particular Ukrainian regulatory framework. In addition to media competence, the need to include a broader and deeper analysis of social use, attitudes and values related to new media tools, media texts and training practices for future teachers of public subjects at the Faculty of History of the National Pedagogical Dragomanov University.
Keywords: The interrelationships between education and mass media in modern society are considered and the role that professional training should play in the formation of media literacy of future teachers of social subjects necessary for the XXI century is investigated. The structure and content of professional training of students of a pedagogical institution of higher education as a systemic phenomenon are revealed. Categories of modern literacy, such as media literacy, critical media literacy and media competence, have been studied. Interpretations of media literacy and media competence are considered with special emphasis on the current European and in particular Ukrainian regulatory framework. In addition to media competence, the need to include a broader and deeper analysis of social use, attitudes and values related to new media tools, media texts and training practices for future teachers of public subjects at the Faculty of History of the National Pedagogical Dragomanov University.

FORMATION OF ENGLISH READING COMPETENCE IN SENIOR STUDENTS OF GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS MEANS OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES

Iryna Vlasiuk

PhD Student at the Department of English Philology Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University (Ternopil, Ukraine), Teacher of English and German
School-collegium by Patriarch Josyf Slipyi (Ternopil, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6862-697Х

Anotation. The author analyzes the conditions for the formation of English-language competence in reading among high school students of general secondary education institutions by means of innovative technologies. In this scientific article, it is indicated that with the help of reading in English, students enrich their active and passive vocabulary, form grammatical skills, and study the culture of speech. The modern form of work in the educational environment − STEM-education, based on the idea of teaching with the use of interdisciplinary and applied approaches in the study of the English language, in particular in reading, is studied. It was found that the introduction of innovative technologies for didactic capabilities allows you to effectively form the reading skill. On the basis of the study, a conclusion is made about the formation of English-language competence in reading in high school students of general secondary education institutions by means of innovative technologies.
Keywords: The author analyzes the conditions for the formation of English-language competence in reading among high school students of general secondary education institutions by means of innovative technologies. In this scientific article, it is indicated that with the help of reading in English, students enrich their active and passive vocabulary, form grammatical skills, and study the culture of speech. The modern form of work in the educational environment − STEM-education, based on the idea of teaching with the use of interdisciplinary and applied approaches in the study of the English language, in particular in reading, is studied. It was found that the introduction of innovative technologies for didactic capabilities allows you to effectively form the reading skill. On the basis of the study, a conclusion is made about the formation of English-language competence in reading in high school students of general secondary education institutions by means of innovative technologies.

THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL EDUCATION ON THE PROFESSIONAL SELF-REGULATION OF FUTURE LAWYERS

Svitlana Hryshchenko, Dmytro Kuzmenko

Svitlana Hryshchenko, Doctor of Education, Professor, Professor at the Department of Social Work and Educational and Pedagogical Sciences T. H. Shevchenko National University “Chernihiv Colehium” (Chernihiv, Ukraine)
Dmytro Kuzmenko, Postgraduate Student at the Department of Social Work and Educational and Pedagogical Sciences T. H. Shevchenko National University “Chernihiv Colehium” (Chernihiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7981-3578, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-5803-1008

Anotation. The article analyzes the features of the influence of social education on the processes of professional selfregulation of future lawyers. Some aspects of the processes of professional self-regulation are revealed. Social education influences the processes of professional self-regulation of future lawyers as subjects of culture, personal life and individual development; higher education as a developmental and educational environment; for dialogue as a way of existence and professional self-regulation of future lawyers in the educational environment of the university. It is stated that new forms, methods and means of social education of future lawyers operate. The social role and significance of higher education as a space of effective socialization, professional development, self-expression, selfrealization and professional self-regulation of students – future lawyers in the field of national culture are substantiated. The necessity of social education of future lawyers is considered taking into account their abilities, knowledge, patterns of behavior, values, attitudes that contribute to the positive development of society and are valuable to it. It is proved that social education has a positive effect on the processes of professional self-regulation of future lawyers in the sociocultural environment of higher education.
Keywords: The article analyzes the features of the influence of social education on the processes of professional selfregulation of future lawyers. Some aspects of the processes of professional self-regulation are revealed. Social education influences the processes of professional self-regulation of future lawyers as subjects of culture, personal life and individual development; higher education as a developmental and educational environment; for dialogue as a way of existence and professional self-regulation of future lawyers in the educational environment of the university. It is stated that new forms, methods and means of social education of future lawyers operate. The social role and significance of higher education as a space of effective socialization, professional development, self-expression, selfrealization and professional self-regulation of students – future lawyers in the field of national culture are substantiated. The necessity of social education of future lawyers is considered taking into account their abilities, knowledge, patterns of behavior, values, attitudes that contribute to the positive development of society and are valuable to it. It is proved that social education has a positive effect on the processes of professional self-regulation of future lawyers in the sociocultural environment of higher education.

SUBSYSTEM OF EXERCISES IS SUBSTANTIATED TO FORM ENGLISH LEXICAL COMPETENCE IN STUDENTS OF THE 5TH GRADE WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENTS: ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES OF APPROBATION

Olena Drobot

PhD in Education, Senior Research Fellow at Sign Language Education Division
Mykola Yarmachenko Institute of Special Education and Psychology of National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-0762-5148

Anotation. The provisions of the scientific article cover the problems of teaching English as a foreign language to students with hearing impairments. The technology & subsystem of exercises is substantiated to form English lexical competence in students of the 5th grade with hearing impairments, based on the gradual mastery of the lexical unit with the use of support means. The formation of lexical skills of lexical unit use is provided by interval repetition of all forms of lexical unit during the lesson and extracurricular activities. According to the results of approbation of the subsystem of exercises for the formation of English lexical competence, its efficiency is proved for the formation of the operational and functional basis of lexical skills It was found that most children use Ukrainian sign language as a language to translate the meaning of English lexical items. Therefore, the last lexical system should be taken into account when explaining the meanings of new English lexical units.
Keywords: The provisions of the scientific article cover the problems of teaching English as a foreign language to students with hearing impairments. The technology & subsystem of exercises is substantiated to form English lexical competence in students of the 5th grade with hearing impairments, based on the gradual mastery of the lexical unit with the use of support means. The formation of lexical skills of lexical unit use is provided by interval repetition of all forms of lexical unit during the lesson and extracurricular activities. According to the results of approbation of the subsystem of exercises for the formation of English lexical competence, its efficiency is proved for the formation of the operational and functional basis of lexical skills It was found that most children use Ukrainian sign language as a language to translate the meaning of English lexical items. Therefore, the last lexical system should be taken into account when explaining the meanings of new English lexical units.

MODIFICATION OF THE DEVELOPING ENVIRONMENT OF PLAYGROUNDS, SHELTERS AND CENTERS FOR CHILDREN DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEW SCHOOL IN UKRAINE (1917–1919)

Hanna Ivaniuk, Yana Matiushynets

Hanna Ivaniuk, Doctor of Education, Professor, Head of Pedagogical and Psychology Department Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University (Kyiv, Ukraine)
Yana Matiushynets, Postgraduate Student, Lecturer at Pedagogical and Psychology Department Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7758-5121, ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7536-4384

Anotation. The article highlights the peculiarities of the functioning of the developing environment of playgrounds, shelters and centers for preschool children in Ukraine in 1917–1919; presented approaches to modifying the arrangement of playgrounds, shelters and centers for children within the specified chronological framework. For the study of the scientific problem, methods were used: hermeneutic – for a new reading of the texts of documents of that time in order to identify the links between the social and cultural needs of updating preschool and primary education of children and the phenomena and processes for their implementation; historical and retrospective for the purpose of analyzing handwritten and printed materials from archives; historical and structural – to identify changes in the flow of developmental media for children. The priority functions, tasks and forms of work with children of preschool age in the conditions of developing environment of playgrounds, shelters and centers for children in this segment of history are justified. Generalized ideas for the functioning of playgrounds, shelters and centers for children of preschool age in the specified chronological framework (health-preserving developing environment; the realization of the comprehensive development of children; educational influence based on the natural principle, the realization of amateur activity, creativity and initiative of children; nationalization of the developing environment; the formation of love for the book and reading; pedagogy of parents of preschool children).
Keywords: The article highlights the peculiarities of the functioning of the developing environment of playgrounds, shelters and centers for preschool children in Ukraine in 1917–1919; presented approaches to modifying the arrangement of playgrounds, shelters and centers for children within the specified chronological framework. For the study of the scientific problem, methods were used: hermeneutic – for a new reading of the texts of documents of that time in order to identify the links between the social and cultural needs of updating preschool and primary education of children and the phenomena and processes for their implementation; historical and retrospective for the purpose of analyzing handwritten and printed materials from archives; historical and structural – to identify changes in the flow of developmental media for children. The priority functions, tasks and forms of work with children of preschool age in the conditions of developing environment of playgrounds, shelters and centers for children in this segment of history are justified. Generalized ideas for the functioning of playgrounds, shelters and centers for children of preschool age in the specified chronological framework (health-preserving developing environment; the realization of the comprehensive development of children; educational influence based on the natural principle, the realization of amateur activity, creativity and initiative of children; nationalization of the developing environment; the formation of love for the book and reading; pedagogy of parents of preschool children).

FEATURES OF THE COMPOSITE STRUCTURE OF THE SECOND PART OF THE LEVKO REVUTSKIY’S SECOND PIANO AND ORCHESTRA CONCERTO

Oksana Vasylieva

Postgraduate Student at Music Art and Choreography Department
Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University (Starobilsk, Luhansk region, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4709-9234

Anotation. The aim of the article is to study the peculiarities of the compositional structure of the second part of the Second Piano Concerto by Levko Revutsky. The research methodology consists of the application of the general scientific principle of objectivity, genre, stylistic, semantic research methods to highlight the compositional features of the structure of the second part of this concert cycle. The scientific novelty is determined by the disclosure of the compositional features of the structure of the second part of the Second Piano Concerto by Levko Revutsky. In the perspective of genre and style transformations that took place in the concert genre during the twentieth century, the work of Levko Revutsky deserves more conceptual analysis. The lack of scientific research devoted to a special study of the Second Piano Concerto by Levko Revutsky necessitated the elucidation of the peculiarities of the compositional structure of the second part of this concert cycle, the disclosure of the compositional aspects of its structure. Conclusions. Levko Revutsky’s creative heritage is determined by his significant contribution to the development of Ukrainian piano art. He is the author of a sonata for piano, two concertos for piano and orchestra and many other works. Levko Revutsky’s piano works are characterized by originality of technical techniques and harmonious thinking. The originality of Levko Revutsky’s creative method lies in the projection of the romantic principles’ virtuosity and intonation features of Ukrainian musical folklore on the artistic area of dialogic concert thinking. The application of these principles in the concert genre has contributed to the emergence of some deviations from traditional compositional schemes, which are marked by the peculiarities of general dramatic development. The study of the compositional structure peculiarities of the second part of the Second Piano Concerto by Levko Revutsky reveals aspects of traditionality and innovation of form-building principles. Tradition is manifested in the choice of the form of the rondo, the traditional comparison of the theme and episodes, the classic use of climaxes and more. The innovation lies in the original compositional and dramatic structure of the last theme, the combination of compositional and dramatic functions of the last refrain of the main theme and codes.
Keywords: The aim of the article is to study the peculiarities of the compositional structure of the second part of the Second Piano Concerto by Levko Revutsky. The research methodology consists of the application of the general scientific principle of objectivity, genre, stylistic, semantic research methods to highlight the compositional features of the structure of the second part of this concert cycle. The scientific novelty is determined by the disclosure of the compositional features of the structure of the second part of the Second Piano Concerto by Levko Revutsky. In the perspective of genre and style transformations that took place in the concert genre during the twentieth century, the work of Levko Revutsky deserves more conceptual analysis. The lack of scientific research devoted to a special study of the Second Piano Concerto by Levko Revutsky necessitated the elucidation of the peculiarities of the compositional structure of the second part of this concert cycle, the disclosure of the compositional aspects of its structure. Conclusions. Levko Revutsky’s creative heritage is determined by his significant contribution to the development of Ukrainian piano art. He is the author of a sonata for piano, two concertos for piano and orchestra and many other works. Levko Revutsky’s piano works are characterized by originality of technical techniques and harmonious thinking. The originality of Levko Revutsky’s creative method lies in the projection of the romantic principles’ virtuosity and intonation features of Ukrainian musical folklore on the artistic area of dialogic concert thinking. The application of these principles in the concert genre has contributed to the emergence of some deviations from traditional compositional schemes, which are marked by the peculiarities of general dramatic development. The study of the compositional structure peculiarities of the second part of the Second Piano Concerto by Levko Revutsky reveals aspects of traditionality and innovation of form-building principles. Tradition is manifested in the choice of the form of the rondo, the traditional comparison of the theme and episodes, the classic use of climaxes and more. The innovation lies in the original compositional and dramatic structure of the last theme, the combination of compositional and dramatic functions of the last refrain of the main theme and codes.

COMMON INTERPRETATION PROBLEMS OF ORTHODOX LITURGICAL CHANTS AND WAYS TO OVERCOME THEM

Yuliia Voskoboinikova, Victoriia Voskoboinikova

Yuliia Voskoboinikova, Doctor of Art Criticism, Associate Professor at the Choral Conducting and Academic Singing Department Kharkiv State Academy of Culture (Kharkiv, Ukraine)
Victoriia Voskoboinikova, Candidate of Art Criticism, Senior Lecturer at the Choral Conducting and Academic Singing Department Kharkiv State Academy of Culture (Kharkiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6762-0018, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6926-2303

Anotation. The article discusses the most common performing mistakes in the interpretation of the authors’ liturgical chants. This work is the result of the authors’ deep theoretical study of this subject and many years of practice as precentors of church choirs. Based on the research into a textological, interpretive and musicological analysis of music, this study identifies factors that contribute to misunderstanding of a composers’ intent in their music. These factors include: a change in the frequency of the reference of the sound “la”, which influences the overall pitch of choral works written before 1936; the specifics of the authors’ and editorial designations of dynamics in the composers’ scores of the 18th‒19th centuries; loss of skills to recognize the melody of monophonic chants aurally and insufficient attention to building a balance of voices in the choral texture. In addition, the article discusses some typical shortcomings of the composers’ embodiment of Liturgical texts and the ways to overcome them while performing.
Keywords: The article discusses the most common performing mistakes in the interpretation of the authors’ liturgical chants. This work is the result of the authors’ deep theoretical study of this subject and many years of practice as precentors of church choirs. Based on the research into a textological, interpretive and musicological analysis of music, this study identifies factors that contribute to misunderstanding of a composers’ intent in their music. These factors include: a change in the frequency of the reference of the sound “la”, which influences the overall pitch of choral works written before 1936; the specifics of the authors’ and editorial designations of dynamics in the composers’ scores of the 18th‒19th centuries; loss of skills to recognize the melody of monophonic chants aurally and insufficient attention to building a balance of voices in the choral texture. In addition, the article discusses some typical shortcomings of the composers’ embodiment of Liturgical texts and the ways to overcome them while performing.

THE LAST SUPPER IN ART OF MINIATURE OF BYZANTIUM AND WESTERN EUROPE IN IX–XIV CENTURIES: QUESTIONS OF ICONOGRAPHY

Nataliia Dmytrenko

Master of Arts, Postgraduate Student at the Department of Theory and History of Arts
National Academy of Fine Arts and Architecture (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1223-8935

Anotation. This study aimed to find and highlight the most striking examples of the plot Last Supper based on the examples of the Gospels and Psalters created on the territories of the Byzantine Empire in 10th–14th centuries as well as to analyse the iconography and trace the development of the plot over the centuries. How the early Christian sources influenced on the formation of this plot and how long they continued to exist, what sources were used to create these works and how individual artistic details and elements pass from one work to another has been reflected in this study.
Keywords: This study aimed to find and highlight the most striking examples of the plot Last Supper based on the examples of the Gospels and Psalters created on the territories of the Byzantine Empire in 10th–14th centuries as well as to analyse the iconography and trace the development of the plot over the centuries. How the early Christian sources influenced on the formation of this plot and how long they continued to exist, what sources were used to create these works and how individual artistic details and elements pass from one work to another has been reflected in this study.

THE PHENOMENON OF “CROSS-CULTURAL TOLERANCE” AS A SCIENTIFIC PROBLEM

Nataliia Bessarab

Scientific Associate at the Department of Innovation Activity and Research-Experimental Work
SSI “Institute of Education Content Modernization” (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7930-2404

Anotation. The article considers the phenomenon of the role of “intercultural tolerance” for society, in particular, analyzes its importance in the education of primary school children. In the process of intercultural communication, there is an urgent need for understanding. The process of globalization requires representatives of different nations to look for tools of interaction, the ability to compromise. Tolerance as a means of successful cultural integration is analyzed. Today, society needs new methods of communication, which are based on respect for other people’s traditions. Tolerance is respect and recognition of equality, rejection of domination, and violence. It is proved that in modern conditions tolerance is a condition of harmonious relations of representatives of different cultures. Therefore, special attention is paid to society in the education of intercultural tolerance in the younger generation. The article reveals the features of tolerance as a socio-cultural value of modern society. Tolerance is perceived as a significant value of society, which is the basis of mutual understanding between people belonging to different cultures, nationalities and involves the perception of cultural differences.
Keywords: The article considers the phenomenon of the role of “intercultural tolerance” for society, in particular, analyzes its importance in the education of primary school children. In the process of intercultural communication, there is an urgent need for understanding. The process of globalization requires representatives of different nations to look for tools of interaction, the ability to compromise. Tolerance as a means of successful cultural integration is analyzed. Today, society needs new methods of communication, which are based on respect for other people’s traditions. Tolerance is respect and recognition of equality, rejection of domination, and violence. It is proved that in modern conditions tolerance is a condition of harmonious relations of representatives of different cultures. Therefore, special attention is paid to society in the education of intercultural tolerance in the younger generation. The article reveals the features of tolerance as a socio-cultural value of modern society. Tolerance is perceived as a significant value of society, which is the basis of mutual understanding between people belonging to different cultures, nationalities and involves the perception of cultural differences.

THE KEY FEATURES OF TRANSLATION OF TABOO LANGUAGE IN LITERARY TEXT

Nataliia Volynets

Postgraduate Student at the Faculty of Spanish and French Philology
Kyiv National Linguistic University (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0311-5471

Anotation. Taboo vocabulary is one of the defining features of any culture. It is in this layer of language that certain realities of life and the attitude of representatives of a certain society are reflected, and important moral values of each nation are reflected, too. The article presents modern interpretations of the phenomenon of taboos in the language usage, features of the classification of taboo vocabulary, as well as outlines the problems of translation of Spanish nonnormative lexical units into Ukrainian. The reproduction of such communicative units encourages the translator to find adequate equivalents to preserve the pragmatics of the text and reproduce the emotionally expressive effect. Excessive use of abusive language, its softening, omission or reproduction of the literal meaning in translation can distort the author’s style and spoil the overall impression of the work.
Keywords: Taboo vocabulary is one of the defining features of any culture. It is in this layer of language that certain realities of life and the attitude of representatives of a certain society are reflected, and important moral values of each nation are reflected, too. The article presents modern interpretations of the phenomenon of taboos in the language usage, features of the classification of taboo vocabulary, as well as outlines the problems of translation of Spanish nonnormative lexical units into Ukrainian. The reproduction of such communicative units encourages the translator to find adequate equivalents to preserve the pragmatics of the text and reproduce the emotionally expressive effect. Excessive use of abusive language, its softening, omission or reproduction of the literal meaning in translation can distort the author’s style and spoil the overall impression of the work.

SEINSVERGESSENHEIT IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF MARTIN HEIDEGGER

Mariia Dankanich

Postgraduate Student at the Department of Philosophy
Oles Honchar Dnipro National University (Dnipro, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2253-1227

Anotation. The present paper explores Martin Heidegger’s concept of “oblivion of being” (Seinsvergessenheit) and its implications in the light of historical and philosophical analysis. It argues that Heidegger’s concept of oblivion of being indirectly and unconsciously expresses Christian eschatological elements in the language of philosophy (ontology). Despite Heidegger’s emphasized distancing from Christianity, it seems that his thought continued to articulate Christian attitudes. Losing our being, he claims, we become elements of contemporary consumer culture and society, and eventually we move toward overwhelming oblivion. In this respect, it becomes apparent why Heidegger’s agenda sounds highly critical and desperate. It is essential to note that there are some hermeneutical approaches to Heidegger’s notion of oblivion of being: 1. Critical Theory (Heidegger is proclaimed as the most profound critic of Western culture). 2. Philosophy of History (Heidegger is considered as a critic of European philosophy and metaphysics, which left ontology in favor of epistemology). These hermeneutical approaches can be described as reducing Seinsvergessenheit to social and intellectual contexts. In contrast, we believe that his views cannot be fully expressed in these interpretative horizons. For this reason, we propose to describe Heidegger’s views on the oblivion of being as an eschatological project.
Keywords: The present paper explores Martin Heidegger’s concept of “oblivion of being” (Seinsvergessenheit) and its implications in the light of historical and philosophical analysis. It argues that Heidegger’s concept of oblivion of being indirectly and unconsciously expresses Christian eschatological elements in the language of philosophy (ontology). Despite Heidegger’s emphasized distancing from Christianity, it seems that his thought continued to articulate Christian attitudes. Losing our being, he claims, we become elements of contemporary consumer culture and society, and eventually we move toward overwhelming oblivion. In this respect, it becomes apparent why Heidegger’s agenda sounds highly critical and desperate. It is essential to note that there are some hermeneutical approaches to Heidegger’s notion of oblivion of being: 1. Critical Theory (Heidegger is proclaimed as the most profound critic of Western culture). 2. Philosophy of History (Heidegger is considered as a critic of European philosophy and metaphysics, which left ontology in favor of epistemology). These hermeneutical approaches can be described as reducing Seinsvergessenheit to social and intellectual contexts. In contrast, we believe that his views cannot be fully expressed in these interpretative horizons. For this reason, we propose to describe Heidegger’s views on the oblivion of being as an eschatological project.

METAPHORS OF ANIMALS IN HEINRICH BOLL’S NOVEL “BILLIARDS AT HALF-PAST NINE”

Svitlana Druzhbiak, Mariana Pavliv

Svitlana Druzhbiak, Candidate of Philology Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of Applied Linguistics Lviv Polytechnic National University (Lviv, Ukraine)
Mariana Pavliv, Master at the Department of Applied Linguistics Lviv Polytechnic National University (Lviv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8971-9852, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2249-370X

Anotation. The proposed article explores the role of animal metaphors in creating the artistic imagery of Heinrich Boll's novel “Billiards at half-past nine”. The idea of conceptual metaphor is outlined, the approaches to the classification of metaphors are analyzed, the metaphors of animals in the novel are singled out and the conceptual meanings of these metaphors are determined. The key metaphors of the novel used to depict the main conflict were revealed to be the metaphors of a lamb and a buffalo. The most common conceptual meaning of the lamb metaphor is “a blessed creature; the one who is on the right path”; there are also such meanings as “a nice, obedient creature; the one who will not offend”, “a cowardly creature” and “an unhappy creature”. Metaphorized animals were used as the source domain to refer to humans as the target domain. Such metaphors play a key role in creating an image inherent in different types of people, ensure its perception and understanding by the reader, emphasize the positive or negative, and often dual features, and create the necessary atmosphere. Prospects for further research on the proposed topic can be seen in the field of translation, namely in the aspect of the most adequate reproduction of animal metaphors in translation into Ukrainian.
Keywords: The proposed article explores the role of animal metaphors in creating the artistic imagery of Heinrich Boll's novel “Billiards at half-past nine”. The idea of conceptual metaphor is outlined, the approaches to the classification of metaphors are analyzed, the metaphors of animals in the novel are singled out and the conceptual meanings of these metaphors are determined. The key metaphors of the novel used to depict the main conflict were revealed to be the metaphors of a lamb and a buffalo. The most common conceptual meaning of the lamb metaphor is “a blessed creature; the one who is on the right path”; there are also such meanings as “a nice, obedient creature; the one who will not offend”, “a cowardly creature” and “an unhappy creature”. Metaphorized animals were used as the source domain to refer to humans as the target domain. Such metaphors play a key role in creating an image inherent in different types of people, ensure its perception and understanding by the reader, emphasize the positive or negative, and often dual features, and create the necessary atmosphere. Prospects for further research on the proposed topic can be seen in the field of translation, namely in the aspect of the most adequate reproduction of animal metaphors in translation into Ukrainian.

MILITARY DIARY AS THE MOST DEMANDED GENRE OF MODERN MILITARY LITERATURE

Yanina Kulinska

Candidate of Philology Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of Ukrainian Studies
National Medical University (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8160-3203

Anotation. The article is devoted to the problem of a modern military diary. The author analyzes such works and classifies them by content, structure and functions into actual diaries and artistic and journalistic works under the guise of diaries.
Keywords: The article is devoted to the problem of a modern military diary. The author analyzes such works and classifies them by content, structure and functions into actual diaries and artistic and journalistic works under the guise of diaries.

FEATURES OF REPRODUCTIVE ATTITUDES IN MODERN YOUTH

Olga Batsylyeva, Irina Puz

Olga Batsylyeva, D.Sc. in Psychology, Professor, Professor at the Department of Psychology Vasyl' Stus Donetsk National University (Vinnitsa, Ukraine)
Irina Puz, Ph.D. in Psychology, Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of Psychology Vasyl' Stus Donetsk National University (Vinnitsa, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8316-5956, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3697-1637

Anotation. The article studies the peculiarities of the reproductive attitudes in modern youth. Based on the analysis of literature sources, the concept and structure of reproductive behavior were revealed. The study claims that reproductive attitudes act as a regulator of individual’s reproductive behavior. It is noted that the active formation of reproductive systems occurs at a young age; the factors influencing the formation of reproductive attitudes were analyzed. The components of the reproductive attitude (cognitive, emotional, behavioral) were also revealed. An empirical study was conducted using a specially designed questionnaire researching reproductive attitudes of young people, research methods of reproductive attitudes “Facts associated with the birth of a child” by V.V. Boiko (modified by O.S. Karimova), a questionnaire to study reproductive attitudes by O.S. Karimova, questionnaire “Analysis of family myth” by A.O. Nesterova. The sample consisted of 60 students from various specialties studying at Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University. Analysis of the results showed that most respondents consider themselves unprepared for marriage and childbirth and are focused on creating small families. The conclusions emphasize the need to work with young people to teach them how to lead a healthy lifestyle, form skills of self-preserving behavior, effective reproductive attitudes and adequate reproductive behavior to realize their reproductive potential, which is one of the main indicators of sustainable society development.
Keywords: The article studies the peculiarities of the reproductive attitudes in modern youth. Based on the analysis of literature sources, the concept and structure of reproductive behavior were revealed. The study claims that reproductive attitudes act as a regulator of individual’s reproductive behavior. It is noted that the active formation of reproductive systems occurs at a young age; the factors influencing the formation of reproductive attitudes were analyzed. The components of the reproductive attitude (cognitive, emotional, behavioral) were also revealed. An empirical study was conducted using a specially designed questionnaire researching reproductive attitudes of young people, research methods of reproductive attitudes “Facts associated with the birth of a child” by V.V. Boiko (modified by O.S. Karimova), a questionnaire to study reproductive attitudes by O.S. Karimova, questionnaire “Analysis of family myth” by A.O. Nesterova. The sample consisted of 60 students from various specialties studying at Vasyl’ Stus Donetsk National University. Analysis of the results showed that most respondents consider themselves unprepared for marriage and childbirth and are focused on creating small families. The conclusions emphasize the need to work with young people to teach them how to lead a healthy lifestyle, form skills of self-preserving behavior, effective reproductive attitudes and adequate reproductive behavior to realize their reproductive potential, which is one of the main indicators of sustainable society development.

THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF RESEARCH OF THE PROBLEM OF COPY-RESOURCES PERSONALITIES IN PSYCHOLOGY

Andrii Bespalko

Adjunct of Scientific-Organizational Section
Military Institute of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7941-9909

Anotation. The article is devoted to the concept of coping resources of the individual, which are a necessary component to ensure successful coping with difficult life situations, reduce the negative impact of stress, and create positive conditions for personal self-development and self-growth. The effectiveness of overcoming a stressful (extreme) situation directly depends on the content of available coping resources. It is the presences of coping resources in the individual, the possibility of their timely and proper use determine the ability to cope with complex, extreme situations while minimizing the negative impact on the psycho-physiological state of the subject of professional activity. It is established that a person has an individual set of coping resources, the ratio of which depends on specific external circumstances. The key properties of coping resources are their ability to recover, form and change in the process of direct activity. The set of conscious resources is a determining factor in the individual’s choice of behavioral strategy (coping strategy) in extreme situations, and their actualization determines the success of the implementation. In general, a person’s coping resources can be defined as a set of certain values and reserves that contribute to the entity’s needs to meet life needs, successfully confront external and internal challenges and threats. The article considers the approaches of various scientists to the definition and classification of this psychological phenomenon, discusses its content. Despite some differences in the interpretation of the concept of personal resources, most scholars are inclined to believe that there are two main groups of coping resources: internal (internal) and external (external; environmental resources). External coping resources, in turn, are divided into informational and material. Marked own approach to understanding the phenomenon of personal resources.
Keywords: The article is devoted to the concept of coping resources of the individual, which are a necessary component to ensure successful coping with difficult life situations, reduce the negative impact of stress, and create positive conditions for personal self-development and self-growth. The effectiveness of overcoming a stressful (extreme) situation directly depends on the content of available coping resources. It is the presences of coping resources in the individual, the possibility of their timely and proper use determine the ability to cope with complex, extreme situations while minimizing the negative impact on the psycho-physiological state of the subject of professional activity. It is established that a person has an individual set of coping resources, the ratio of which depends on specific external circumstances. The key properties of coping resources are their ability to recover, form and change in the process of direct activity. The set of conscious resources is a determining factor in the individual’s choice of behavioral strategy (coping strategy) in extreme situations, and their actualization determines the success of the implementation. In general, a person’s coping resources can be defined as a set of certain values and reserves that contribute to the entity’s needs to meet life needs, successfully confront external and internal challenges and threats. The article considers the approaches of various scientists to the definition and classification of this psychological phenomenon, discusses its content. Despite some differences in the interpretation of the concept of personal resources, most scholars are inclined to believe that there are two main groups of coping resources: internal (internal) and external (external; environmental resources). External coping resources, in turn, are divided into informational and material. Marked own approach to understanding the phenomenon of personal resources.

THE INTERRELATION BETWEEN THE PROCESSES OF INDIVIDUALIZATION AND TYPIFICATION OF PERSONALITY IN SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

Victoria Gusak

Postgraduate Student
Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7637-3469

Anotation. The article is devoted to the comparison of methodological approaches to the study of the specifics of the transformation of the process of typification and self-identification of a person in conjunction with the process of individualization. A comparative analysis is carried out, the similarity and development in the methodological approaches of theorists to the study of the problem of typification and self-typing of a person are analyzed. The interrelation of the process of individualization with the formation of a social character is revealed, including through the analysis of the transformation of the concept of our/stranger/strangeness. The role of the desire for freedom and the feeling of loneliness formed by the historical experience of the development of individualization and its new forms in the modern world is shown.
Keywords: The article is devoted to the comparison of methodological approaches to the study of the specifics of the transformation of the process of typification and self-identification of a person in conjunction with the process of individualization. A comparative analysis is carried out, the similarity and development in the methodological approaches of theorists to the study of the problem of typification and self-typing of a person are analyzed. The interrelation of the process of individualization with the formation of a social character is revealed, including through the analysis of the transformation of the concept of our/stranger/strangeness. The role of the desire for freedom and the feeling of loneliness formed by the historical experience of the development of individualization and its new forms in the modern world is shown.

THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL PRINCIPLES OF AGRO-TECHNOLOGICAL MARKET FORMATION WORKS AND SERVICES IN UKRAINE

Liudmyla Yefimtseva

Postgraduate Student at the Investment and Logistics Department National Research Center “Institute of Agrarian Economics” (Kyiv, Ukraine), Senior Lecturer
Kyiv Cooperative Institute of Business and Law (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9519-3647

Anotation. The article is devoted to the study of the theoretical foundations of the formation of the market of agrotechnological works and services and the characteristics of its current state in Ukraine, identifying problems and finding ways to develop it. To achieve this goal were used a systematic approach and economic and statistical methods (graphical, grouping, etc.) empirical method (for a comprehensive assessment of the current state of the object of study) and abstractlogical research methods (theoretical generalizations and conclusions). The views of scientists on the definition of “market”, “agricultural market” are considered and the peculiarities of the functioning of the market of agro-technological works and services in the agricultural market are established. The current state of the operators of the market of agrotechnological works and services is outlined and perspective directions of its development are revealed. The necessity of development of the market of agrotechnological services for agricultural producers is proved, considering the fact of diversity of agrarian economy, for the purpose of substantiation of mechanisms of its development.
Keywords: The article is devoted to the study of the theoretical foundations of the formation of the market of agrotechnological works and services and the characteristics of its current state in Ukraine, identifying problems and finding ways to develop it. To achieve this goal were used a systematic approach and economic and statistical methods (graphical, grouping, etc.) empirical method (for a comprehensive assessment of the current state of the object of study) and abstractlogical research methods (theoretical generalizations and conclusions). The views of scientists on the definition of “market”, “agricultural market” are considered and the peculiarities of the functioning of the market of agro-technological works and services in the agricultural market are established. The current state of the operators of the market of agrotechnological works and services is outlined and perspective directions of its development are revealed. The necessity of development of the market of agrotechnological services for agricultural producers is proved, considering the fact of diversity of agrarian economy, for the purpose of substantiation of mechanisms of its development.

SAVING SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION IN MANAGEMENT OF MILK PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING

Oksana Kolomiets

Assistant at the Entrepreneurship, Trade and Exchange Activities Department
Kharkiv Petro Vasylenko National Technical University of Agriculture (Kharkiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-5575-4040

Anotation. In the scientific article the author conducts research on the theory of thrift and the peculiarities of its implementation in the management of production and processing of milk. The author defines the concept of thrift production of milk and dairy products, establishes its main prerequisites. To reveal the essence of lean production, its comparative characteristics with the concept of efficient organization of production are carried out and the possibility of introducing a lean system in the production of milk and dairy products through the study of classical groups of principles and their basic structure for enterprises. A complex combination of lean production tools and priority actions to improve the quality of milk production and processing enterprises has been identified. The author’s approach of step-by-step implementation of thrift in the management of milk production and processing is proposed. It is established that the technology of lean production determines significant savings, increases efficiency and competitiveness of products through effective management of enterprise resources.
Keywords: In the scientific article the author conducts research on the theory of thrift and the peculiarities of its implementation in the management of production and processing of milk. The author defines the concept of thrift production of milk and dairy products, establishes its main prerequisites. To reveal the essence of lean production, its comparative characteristics with the concept of efficient organization of production are carried out and the possibility of introducing a lean system in the production of milk and dairy products through the study of classical groups of principles and their basic structure for enterprises. A complex combination of lean production tools and priority actions to improve the quality of milk production and processing enterprises has been identified. The author’s approach of step-by-step implementation of thrift in the management of milk production and processing is proposed. It is established that the technology of lean production determines significant savings, increases efficiency and competitiveness of products through effective management of enterprise resources.

COUNTERACTION TO JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN THE SPHERE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES

Vadym Babakin

Candidate of Law Sciences, Associate Professor, Researcher at the Department for the Organization of Research and Patent Activity of the Research Center
National University of Civil Defense of Ukraine (Kharkiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7157-0241

Anotation. The article is focused on topical issues of counteracting cybercrimes committed by young people. The essence of this negative phenomenon is considered; and actions to improve the counteraction to the studied group are suggested. The author of the article analyzes the content and specific features of preventive measures, considers their importance in the practical activities of operative units. The author of the article highlights and analyzes the most problematic theoretical and legal issues faced by operative units of the Ukrainian police while qualifying crimes committed with the use of computer equipment and other telecommunication systems. The author provides suggestions for improving the counteraction to such group of persons in order to ensure the effectiveness of the fight against this negative phenomenon. The author of the article substantiates the opinion that information about the specifics of the use of special knowledge while detecting and investigating studied crimes committed by young people is especially significant.
Keywords: The article is focused on topical issues of counteracting cybercrimes committed by young people. The essence of this negative phenomenon is considered; and actions to improve the counteraction to the studied group are suggested. The author of the article analyzes the content and specific features of preventive measures, considers their importance in the practical activities of operative units. The author of the article highlights and analyzes the most problematic theoretical and legal issues faced by operative units of the Ukrainian police while qualifying crimes committed with the use of computer equipment and other telecommunication systems. The author provides suggestions for improving the counteraction to such group of persons in order to ensure the effectiveness of the fight against this negative phenomenon. The author of the article substantiates the opinion that information about the specifics of the use of special knowledge while detecting and investigating studied crimes committed by young people is especially significant.

FEATURES OF TAXATION OF IT ACTIVITIES IN UKRAINE: PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVEMENT

Viktor Bilous, Tigran Varshamian

Viktor Bilous, Doctor of Law, Professor, Professor at the Department of Finance Law Educational and Scientific Institute of Law of the University of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine (Irpin, Ukraine)
Tigran Varshamian, Postgraduate Student at the Department of Finance Law Educational and Scientific Institute of Law of the University of State Fiscal Service of Ukraine (Irpin, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1390-1065, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7213-6375

Anotation. The article analyzes the features of taxation of traditional IT payers – legal entities and individual entrepreneurs, the application of incentive and fiscal means of tax regulation to them, taking into account the financial needs of the state and the need to preserve the IT industry in Ukraine. Attention is paid to virtual IT payers, which include artificial intelligence, virtual organizations, including virtual enterprises, corporations and offices. The features of such payers are highlighted, taking into account their fragmentation, variability, the speed of achieving the goal and receiving income (profit), the lack of registration, the lack of center and hierarchy. It is noted that these signs significantly complicate the taxation of virtual payers, the implementation of tax control over their activities and the application of sanctions to them.
Keywords: The article analyzes the features of taxation of traditional IT payers – legal entities and individual entrepreneurs, the application of incentive and fiscal means of tax regulation to them, taking into account the financial needs of the state and the need to preserve the IT industry in Ukraine. Attention is paid to virtual IT payers, which include artificial intelligence, virtual organizations, including virtual enterprises, corporations and offices. The features of such payers are highlighted, taking into account their fragmentation, variability, the speed of achieving the goal and receiving income (profit), the lack of registration, the lack of center and hierarchy. It is noted that these signs significantly complicate the taxation of virtual payers, the implementation of tax control over their activities and the application of sanctions to them.

SURROGACY IN THE PRACTICE OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS

Sandra Boldizhar

Candidate of Juridical Science, Associate Professor at the Administrative, Financial and Information Law Department
Uzhhorod National University (Uzhhorod, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3096-9181

Anotation. Jurisprudence of European Court of Human Rights (beyond – Court) plays a key role not only in the interpretation and protection of human rights. The positions of the Court are the basis for improving and updating the legislation of different countries in interdependence with modern challenges, threats and the development of technology and public relations. In the scientific article, the author analyzes the case law of the Court about reproductive rights, in particular the right to surrogacy. The relevance lies in the fact that the analysis of the Court’s practice is carried out in accordance with and citing from the original sources of law, which at the national level of the world regulated the features of surrogacy. The article focuses on the diversity of legislation of different states, which creates legal uncertainty and the implementation of foreign law by foreigners in countries where there is no legal prohibition on surrogacy.
Keywords: Jurisprudence of European Court of Human Rights (beyond – Court) plays a key role not only in the interpretation and protection of human rights. The positions of the Court are the basis for improving and updating the legislation of different countries in interdependence with modern challenges, threats and the development of technology and public relations. In the scientific article, the author analyzes the case law of the Court about reproductive rights, in particular the right to surrogacy. The relevance lies in the fact that the analysis of the Court’s practice is carried out in accordance with and citing from the original sources of law, which at the national level of the world regulated the features of surrogacy. The article focuses on the diversity of legislation of different states, which creates legal uncertainty and the implementation of foreign law by foreigners in countries where there is no legal prohibition on surrogacy.

ALGORITHM OF PROCEDURAL ACTIONS OF A JUDGE AT THE STAGE OF OPENING PROCEEDINGS IN A CASE IN THE ORDER OF ADMINISTRATIVE COURT PROCEEDINGS IN UKRAINE

Sergey Gebesh

Judge
Transcarpathian Regional Administrative Court (Uzhgorod, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2380-1236

Anotation. The article provides a critical analysis of the current Code of Administrative Procedure of Ukraine and general trends in modern research on the procedural activities of the court at the stage of opening proceedings in the case of administrative proceedings. The procedural activity of the court during the opening of proceedings in the case is of great importance both for ensuring the right to judicial protection and for the implementation of the whole set of tasks and objectives of administrative proceedings. In the scientific literature, the question of the sequence of procedural actions of the court is given little attention, however, the importance of the judge's actions at this stage is almost the most important, and therefore unresolved issues arising in connection with the judge’s decision on the “fate” of the claim. securing the right to judicial protection can have very adverse consequences. Based on the study, amendments to the Code of Administrative Procedure of Ukraine are proposed.
Keywords: The article provides a critical analysis of the current Code of Administrative Procedure of Ukraine and general trends in modern research on the procedural activities of the court at the stage of opening proceedings in the case of administrative proceedings. The procedural activity of the court during the opening of proceedings in the case is of great importance both for ensuring the right to judicial protection and for the implementation of the whole set of tasks and objectives of administrative proceedings. In the scientific literature, the question of the sequence of procedural actions of the court is given little attention, however, the importance of the judge's actions at this stage is almost the most important, and therefore unresolved issues arising in connection with the judge’s decision on the “fate” of the claim. securing the right to judicial protection can have very adverse consequences. Based on the study, amendments to the Code of Administrative Procedure of Ukraine are proposed.

PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEGAL REGULATION OF TAX BENEFITS IN UKRAINE

Yuliia Goncharova

Deputy Director General
Federation of Employers of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8711-4849

Anotation. The article contains an analysis of the legal relations in the field of tax benefits in Ukraine with providing statistics on regulations since independence in order to highlight the scale of the issue. A comparative analysis of the Tax Code of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine “On State Aid to Undertakings” to identify legal conflicts and gaps, as well as the algorithm for obtaining tax benefits by beneficiaries was made. The vision of changing the paradigm of state determination of the purpose of providing tax benefits in accordance with the goals of sustainable development was formulated. Proposals were made for the adoption in Ukraine of the Concept of state policy in the field of legal regulation of tax benefits, in which a systematic analysis of a whole array of regulations in this area should be done. Proposal to expand the powers of local governments to provide tax benefits within local budgets in order to increase employment and economic growth in the region was also formulated. It is recommended that the Ministry of Finance and the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine continue to work together to improve the legislation, which should ensure the real right of Ukrainian business to receive tax preferences as a form of state aid.
Keywords: The article contains an analysis of the legal relations in the field of tax benefits in Ukraine with providing statistics on regulations since independence in order to highlight the scale of the issue. A comparative analysis of the Tax Code of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine “On State Aid to Undertakings” to identify legal conflicts and gaps, as well as the algorithm for obtaining tax benefits by beneficiaries was made. The vision of changing the paradigm of state determination of the purpose of providing tax benefits in accordance with the goals of sustainable development was formulated. Proposals were made for the adoption in Ukraine of the Concept of state policy in the field of legal regulation of tax benefits, in which a systematic analysis of a whole array of regulations in this area should be done. Proposal to expand the powers of local governments to provide tax benefits within local budgets in order to increase employment and economic growth in the region was also formulated. It is recommended that the Ministry of Finance and the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine continue to work together to improve the legislation, which should ensure the real right of Ukrainian business to receive tax preferences as a form of state aid.

ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL BASIS OF INFORMATION SUPPORT OF THE UNIFIED STATE CIVIL PROTECTION SYSTEM

Serhii Yeremenko

PhD in Engineering Sciences, Associate Professor, Colonel of Civil Protection Service, Deputy Head for Educational Work
Institute of Public Administration and Research in Civil Protection (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3685-4713

Anotation. Regulation of the social sphere is one of the main functions of the state. In the social sphere of the state, civil protection has two functions ‒ ideological and pragmatic. Information activity is considered as a necessary component of the organization of public administration in the field of civil protection, a component of the work of management and specialists: This activity is considered as a component of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine; central and local executive bodies, executive bodies of councils, the activities of which are related to the organization and implementation of measures on civil protection, which together constitute the Unified State Civil Protection System. The main approaches to solving the problems of improving the management of the Unified State Civil Protection System, its information and legal support are revealed. The urgency of the need to improve the mechanisms of organizational and legal regulation in this area is highlighted, the necessity to give priority to the processes of informatization of management in the field of civil protection in Ukraine is proved.
Keywords: Regulation of the social sphere is one of the main functions of the state. In the social sphere of the state, civil protection has two functions ‒ ideological and pragmatic. Information activity is considered as a necessary component of the organization of public administration in the field of civil protection, a component of the work of management and specialists: This activity is considered as a component of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine; central and local executive bodies, executive bodies of councils, the activities of which are related to the organization and implementation of measures on civil protection, which together constitute the Unified State Civil Protection System. The main approaches to solving the problems of improving the management of the Unified State Civil Protection System, its information and legal support are revealed. The urgency of the need to improve the mechanisms of organizational and legal regulation in this area is highlighted, the necessity to give priority to the processes of informatization of management in the field of civil protection in Ukraine is proved.

EXPERT ON LAW IN CIVIL PROCEDURE OF UKRAINE: PROBLEM ISSUES

Svitlana Iskra

Postgraduate Student, Lawyer (Odesa, Ukraine)
F. G. Burchak “Sсіеntific Research Institute of Рrіvаtе Law and Business of Nationality Academy of Law Sciences of Ukraine” (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4253-1585

Anotation. The article is devoted to the legal status and role of a legal expert, and the conclusion of an expert in the field of law in the civil process of Ukraine. The author examines the problems of different definitions of this person within one procedural code and concludes that it is necessary to bring the terminology to a unified form. The necessity and efficiency of participation of a legal expert in the administration of justice is studied, in particular, the institute of expert opinion in the field of law is considered as a form of manifestation of legal doctrine as a source of law, its practical use. The issue of involving a legal expert on the basis of judicial practice is covered, the number of successful and unsuccessful attempts of a legal expert to participate in court proceedings is analyzed. Prospects and directions of further research on the participation of scientists in the administration of justice are outlined, a number of proposals are made to improve the legal regulation of this issue.
Keywords: The article is devoted to the legal status and role of a legal expert, and the conclusion of an expert in the field of law in the civil process of Ukraine. The author examines the problems of different definitions of this person within one procedural code and concludes that it is necessary to bring the terminology to a unified form. The necessity and efficiency of participation of a legal expert in the administration of justice is studied, in particular, the institute of expert opinion in the field of law is considered as a form of manifestation of legal doctrine as a source of law, its practical use. The issue of involving a legal expert on the basis of judicial practice is covered, the number of successful and unsuccessful attempts of a legal expert to participate in court proceedings is analyzed. Prospects and directions of further research on the participation of scientists in the administration of justice are outlined, a number of proposals are made to improve the legal regulation of this issue.

GENERAL APPROACHES TO THE CHARACTERISTICS OF TAX LAW FUNCTIONS

Dmytro Kobylnik

PhD in Law, Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of Financial Law
Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University (Kharkiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6777-7963

Anotation. In the article the author focuses on considering a variety of approaches to the characteristics of the functions of tax law. Thus, for an axiological approach, the emphasis is made on the value characteristics of tax law, through which the latter can satisfy certain human needs. It is substantiated that the essence of the function as a scientific category, despite the sphere used, is that it always expresses a certain relation to one subject (phenomenon) to another subject (phenomenon) indicates the relationship between them. It is noted that the concepts of “functions”, and, accordingly, “functions of law”, “functions of tax law”, are possible with the use of several approaches: 1) etymological, when the origin of the origin of the word content; 2) historical – by temporal examination of subjects; 3) practical significance – through an analysis of practical significance, orientation, purpose, development prospects. This methodological approach is the most optimal, since it allows you to draw attention to different sides of the concept of “function”, which is polysemantic, to identify original interpretations, comprehensively use the approaches for integral clarification of its content. It is emphasized that despite the fact that the tax law relates to public areas of law designed to ensure the achievements of public interests, such trends are entirely characteristic of him. The consideration of the tax law, taking into account the axiological approach, allows the emphasis on its versatility, and especially on the ability to solve the potential conflict, which is originally characteristic of tax relations, what to achieve a compromise, legality and law enforcement in the sphere of taxation.
Keywords: In the article the author focuses on considering a variety of approaches to the characteristics of the functions of tax law. Thus, for an axiological approach, the emphasis is made on the value characteristics of tax law, through which the latter can satisfy certain human needs. It is substantiated that the essence of the function as a scientific category, despite the sphere used, is that it always expresses a certain relation to one subject (phenomenon) to another subject (phenomenon) indicates the relationship between them. It is noted that the concepts of “functions”, and, accordingly, “functions of law”, “functions of tax law”, are possible with the use of several approaches: 1) etymological, when the origin of the origin of the word content; 2) historical – by temporal examination of subjects; 3) practical significance – through an analysis of practical significance, orientation, purpose, development prospects. This methodological approach is the most optimal, since it allows you to draw attention to different sides of the concept of “function”, which is polysemantic, to identify original interpretations, comprehensively use the approaches for integral clarification of its content. It is emphasized that despite the fact that the tax law relates to public areas of law designed to ensure the achievements of public interests, such trends are entirely characteristic of him. The consideration of the tax law, taking into account the axiological approach, allows the emphasis on its versatility, and especially on the ability to solve the potential conflict, which is originally characteristic of tax relations, what to achieve a compromise, legality and law enforcement in the sphere of taxation.

THE ESSENCE OF THE COOPERATION BETWEEN THE PROSECUTOR, THE INVESTIGATOR AND THE OPERATIONAL SUBDIVISIONS DURING CONDUCTING UNDERCOVER INVESTIGATIVE ACTION

Yaroslav Kostohryz

Prosecutor
Podolsk District Prosecutor’s Office (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1894-0952

Anotation. The relevance of the article is that among scientists, at present, there is no comprehensive study on the cooperation between prosecutors, investigators and operational subdivisions during the undercover investigative actions, which necessitates a thorough specialized study of this issue. Based on a systematic analysis of scientific papers and legislation, the author proposed his own definition of the concept “The cooperation between prosecutors, investigators and operational subdivisions during conducting undercover investigative actions”, namely, that it is an active, purposeful, coordinated in place, time and purpose common activity of administratively independent entities, which is carried out on a planned basis and in strict accordance with the powers granted, has a secret (implicit) nature, and is aimed at obtaining information about the criminal offense and the person who committed it. In addition, justified the need for a legislative definition of the concept of “cooperation”, as expressed by 77.57% of respondents. These changes are intended to regulate these activities in more detail and to improve the efficiency of the undercover investigative actions in criminal proceedings.
Keywords: The relevance of the article is that among scientists, at present, there is no comprehensive study on the cooperation between prosecutors, investigators and operational subdivisions during the undercover investigative actions, which necessitates a thorough specialized study of this issue. Based on a systematic analysis of scientific papers and legislation, the author proposed his own definition of the concept “The cooperation between prosecutors, investigators and operational subdivisions during conducting undercover investigative actions”, namely, that it is an active, purposeful, coordinated in place, time and purpose common activity of administratively independent entities, which is carried out on a planned basis and in strict accordance with the powers granted, has a secret (implicit) nature, and is aimed at obtaining information about the criminal offense and the person who committed it. In addition, justified the need for a legislative definition of the concept of “cooperation”, as expressed by 77.57% of respondents. These changes are intended to regulate these activities in more detail and to improve the efficiency of the undercover investigative actions in criminal proceedings.

IMPLEMENTATION OF PRINCIPLES GUARANTEING A DIGNIFIED WAGE

Lyudmila Kupina

Candidate of Law, Professor at the Department of Law and Branch Legal Disciplines of the Faculty of Political Science and Law
National Pedagogical Drahomanov University (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-5091-8333

Anotation. The purpose of the study is to characterize the problem of implementing the principles that guarantee a decent wage. Based on this goal, the author set such tasks as: 1) to determine the essence of the category “wages” in the mechanism of realization of the right of a person to work; 2) to characterize the purpose of wages as a component of meeting human needs; 3) to establish directions of increase of efficiency of realization of principles of payment of work. The validity and reliability of the obtained scientific results are ensured by the use of a system of general philosophical, general scientific and special scientific methods of cognition. The decisive role in the study was played by general philosophical methods, among which the leading place is occupied by the dialectical method, the system-forming method, the method of forecasting. It is concluded that the level of wages is influenced by a set of macroeconomic and microeconomic external and internal factors, where the role of the latter is played by the level of labor productivity, scale and profitability of the enterprise, wage costs. It is emphasized that the achievement of the appropriate level of efficiency of labor law, which determines the mechanism of legal regulation of wages, should be based on the introduction of a system of public management of labor standards.
Keywords: The purpose of the study is to characterize the problem of implementing the principles that guarantee a decent wage. Based on this goal, the author set such tasks as: 1) to determine the essence of the category “wages” in the mechanism of realization of the right of a person to work; 2) to characterize the purpose of wages as a component of meeting human needs; 3) to establish directions of increase of efficiency of realization of principles of payment of work. The validity and reliability of the obtained scientific results are ensured by the use of a system of general philosophical, general scientific and special scientific methods of cognition. The decisive role in the study was played by general philosophical methods, among which the leading place is occupied by the dialectical method, the system-forming method, the method of forecasting. It is concluded that the level of wages is influenced by a set of macroeconomic and microeconomic external and internal factors, where the role of the latter is played by the level of labor productivity, scale and profitability of the enterprise, wage costs. It is emphasized that the achievement of the appropriate level of efficiency of labor law, which determines the mechanism of legal regulation of wages, should be based on the introduction of a system of public management of labor standards.

FORSITE TECHNOLOGY IN THE FORMATION OF STATE MEDICAL POLICY

Inna Voshko

Master in Public Management and Administration, Postgraduate Student
Classical Private University (Zaporizhzhya, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4939-4018

Anotation. The key problems of health care reform in Ukraine are considered. It is determined that the main factor of resistance to reforms is the absence of the State Medical Policy. To form the framework of its concept, it is proposed to use four-stage foresight technology. It implements the following functions: creativity, expertise, interaction and credibility; provides the formation of the politics framework under uncertainty. To reduce the level of uncertainty, the policy concept is divided into 6 main components. Its structuring is based on the understanding of modern knowledge about evidencebased public policy, government reforms, social innovations, novals in public administration. To fill their frameworks with the content, it is proposed to conduct 6 foresight studies. The combination of their results should form the general framework of the concept of the State medical policy. Evidence-based (seventh) foresight study should confirm the validity of the obtained framework of the concept.
Keywords: The key problems of health care reform in Ukraine are considered. It is determined that the main factor of resistance to reforms is the absence of the State Medical Policy. To form the framework of its concept, it is proposed to use four-stage foresight technology. It implements the following functions: creativity, expertise, interaction and credibility; provides the formation of the politics framework under uncertainty. To reduce the level of uncertainty, the policy concept is divided into 6 main components. Its structuring is based on the understanding of modern knowledge about evidencebased public policy, government reforms, social innovations, novals in public administration. To fill their frameworks with the content, it is proposed to conduct 6 foresight studies. The combination of their results should form the general framework of the concept of the State medical policy. Evidence-based (seventh) foresight study should confirm the validity of the obtained framework of the concept.