Journal №3 (63) / 2024|KELM

LIST OF FILES

THE USE OF INTERNET RESOURCES IN THE PROCESS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF THE POLISH LANGUAGE

Liia Lukina

Postgraduate Student at the Department of Pedagogy and Educational Management, Teacher of the Department of Applied Linguistics, Foreign Literature and Journalism Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University (Uman, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6133-5902

Anotation. The article describes the peculiarities of using Internet resources in the process of professional training of future teachers of the Polish language. The purpose of the research is to analyze and identify the didactic possibilities of various Internet resources and web servers in the educational process in general and learning the Polish language in particular; to determine the advantages, disadvantages and prospects of their use in the process of professional training of future Polish teachers. The concepts of «Internet resources», «educational platform», «blog», «social networks» are defined. Educational platforms, blogs, sites and Internet pages for teaching the Polish language in various directions are presented. The most suitable social networks that can be used in learning the Polish language are described, the characteristic features of social networks are clarified. Mobile applications for studying vocabulary and grammar of the Polish language are singled out. It has been established that the use of Internet resources is an effective additional tool for learning the Polish language, which intensifies the learning process and motivates students to learn the language.
Keywords: The article describes the peculiarities of using Internet resources in the process of professional training of future teachers of the Polish language. The purpose of the research is to analyze and identify the didactic possibilities of various Internet resources and web servers in the educational process in general and learning the Polish language in particular; to determine the advantages, disadvantages and prospects of their use in the process of professional training of future Polish teachers. The concepts of «Internet resources», «educational platform», «blog», «social networks» are defined. Educational platforms, blogs, sites and Internet pages for teaching the Polish language in various directions are presented. The most suitable social networks that can be used in learning the Polish language are described, the characteristic features of social networks are clarified. Mobile applications for studying vocabulary and grammar of the Polish language are singled out. It has been established that the use of Internet resources is an effective additional tool for learning the Polish language, which intensifies the learning process and motivates students to learn the language.

POLITICAL COMMUNICATION IN CONDITIONS OF SOCIAL CHANGES: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL DIMENSIONS

Yana Popovych, Vitalii Marakin

Yana Popovych, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of General legal and Political Sciences National University “Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic” (Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine)
Vitalii Marakin, Postgraduate Student of the Department of General legal and Political Sciences National University “Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic” (Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7509-0459, ORCID ID: 0009-0002-3496-5364

Anotation. The article analyses current trends in changes in the essence, content and form of political communication. It has been determined that political communication is a communication interaction between political actors, state and public administration bodies and civil society, which presupposes the active involvement of citizens in making management decisions, discussing problematic issues of development of the state and society, maintaining socio-political stability and sustainability of the political system of society. The leading factors of social changes influencing the understanding, form and content of political communication are the processes of globalization (expansion of the sphere of political communication to the global level, the emergence of new political subjects and movements, etc.), information (widespread use of information and communication technologies, tools e-democracy, social networks, strengthening the horizontal and dialogue level of political communication), integration (political communication in the context of the integration of Ukraine into the social and political space of supranational entities and international security organizations). It has been determined that the modern model of political communication should be considered in the context of the deliberative paradigm and communicative discourse in politics, based on the principles of openness of political actors and their accountability to civil society, transparency of the communicative field, dialogical form of communication and its orientation towards civil society.
Keywords: The article analyses current trends in changes in the essence, content and form of political communication. It has been determined that political communication is a communication interaction between political actors, state and public administration bodies and civil society, which presupposes the active involvement of citizens in making management decisions, discussing problematic issues of development of the state and society, maintaining socio-political stability and sustainability of the political system of society. The leading factors of social changes influencing the understanding, form and content of political communication are the processes of globalization (expansion of the sphere of political communication to the global level, the emergence of new political subjects and movements, etc.), information (widespread use of information and communication technologies, tools e-democracy, social networks, strengthening the horizontal and dialogue level of political communication), integration (political communication in the context of the integration of Ukraine into the social and political space of supranational entities and international security organizations). It has been determined that the modern model of political communication should be considered in the context of the deliberative paradigm and communicative discourse in politics, based on the principles of openness of political actors and their accountability to civil society, transparency of the communicative field, dialogical form of communication and its orientation towards civil society.

UKRAINIAN COMMUNITY IN AUSTRALIA

Pavlo Troian

First Secretary of the Embassy of Ukraine in Australia

ORCID ID: 0009-0004-4362-7353

Anotation. Despite the presence of Ukrainians in Australia since the end of the 19th century, we can talk about the formation of the Ukrainian community only after the wave of Ukrainian emigrants who arrived in a new country for them after the Second World War. They were mostly people aged 20-40 who had gone through the war, spent time in prisoner of war camps, had a clear civic and political position, which determined the specifics of the formation of the Ukrainian environment in the new conditions. The emigrants of the late 20th century already sought to solve their economic problems, and not to cherish the achievements of previous generations. The Russian-Ukrainian war demonstrated that Ukrainians and Australians of Ukrainian origin in Australia are concerned about the fate of their historical homeland.
Keywords: Despite the presence of Ukrainians in Australia since the end of the 19th century, we can talk about the formation of the Ukrainian community only after the wave of Ukrainian emigrants who arrived in a new country for them after the Second World War. They were mostly people aged 20-40 who had gone through the war, spent time in prisoner of war camps, had a clear civic and political position, which determined the specifics of the formation of the Ukrainian environment in the new conditions. The emigrants of the late 20th century already sought to solve their economic problems, and not to cherish the achievements of previous generations. The Russian-Ukrainian war demonstrated that Ukrainians and Australians of Ukrainian origin in Australia are concerned about the fate of their historical homeland.

DONALD TRUMP’S COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES IN HIS POLITICAL SPEECHES BEFORE THE 2024 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION

Markiyan Tkhir

Ph.D. in Philology, Associate Professor at the Department of Foreign Philology and Business Communications King Danylo University (Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6790-1426

Anotation. This article examines the communication strategies used by Donald Trump in his political speeches leading up to the 2024 presidential election. He analyzes the rhetorical devices, message delivery techniques, and thematic elements that define his approach to public speaking. The study highlights how Trump’s strategies evolve and adapt in response to changing political dynamics and the media landscape. The findings show that Trump’s communication style is characterized by directness, emotional appeals, and repetition that serve to engage and mobilize his electorate. The paper concludes with an understanding of the broader implications of these strategies for political communication and suggests avenues for future research.
Keywords: This article examines the communication strategies used by Donald Trump in his political speeches leading up to the 2024 presidential election. He analyzes the rhetorical devices, message delivery techniques, and thematic elements that define his approach to public speaking. The study highlights how Trump’s strategies evolve and adapt in response to changing political dynamics and the media landscape. The findings show that Trump’s communication style is characterized by directness, emotional appeals, and repetition that serve to engage and mobilize his electorate. The paper concludes with an understanding of the broader implications of these strategies for political communication and suggests avenues for future research.

STABLE LINGUISTIC COMPOUNDS AND NATIONAL IDENTITY

Maria Filipchuk, Нanna Onufriichuk

Maria Filipchuk, Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of History and Culture of the Ukrainian Language Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University (Chernivtsi, Ukraine)
Нanna Onufriichuk, Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Ukrainian Language and Culture National Aviation University (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6818-6890, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7589-4411

Anotation. The relevance of the research is determined by the need to study stable language compounds, to determine their internal form. The study of typical and national is one of the priority aspects of linguistic research, and phraseological units, which contain the rich historical and cultural experience of the people, their values, beliefs and worldview, form the national linguistic picture of the world of Ukrainians and act as a means of national identity. In the article, we analyze fixed compounds that have long been part of the modern Ukrainian language, and compounds that are characteristic of spoken speech. We find out the internal form of phraseological units that directly reflect current events, moods and experiences of society (especially during the war) and act as a means of national identity. We reveal the internal form of stable language expressions, we find out the role of phraseological units in the formation of the consciousness of the people.
Keywords: The relevance of the research is determined by the need to study stable language compounds, to determine their internal form. The study of typical and national is one of the priority aspects of linguistic research, and phraseological units, which contain the rich historical and cultural experience of the people, their values, beliefs and worldview, form the national linguistic picture of the world of Ukrainians and act as a means of national identity. In the article, we analyze fixed compounds that have long been part of the modern Ukrainian language, and compounds that are characteristic of spoken speech. We find out the internal form of phraseological units that directly reflect current events, moods and experiences of society (especially during the war) and act as a means of national identity. We reveal the internal form of stable language expressions, we find out the role of phraseological units in the formation of the consciousness of the people.

THROUGH WHITE PROPAGANDA GLASSES: CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF WAR NEWS ON «SUSPILNE»

Diana Zabrodina, Anna Tashchenko

Diana Zabrodina, Bachelor’s student at the Faculty of Sociology Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Kyiv, Ukraine)
Anna Tashchenko, Candidate of Sociological Sciences (Ph.D. in Sociology), Associate Professor at the Department of Social Structures and Social Relations Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0000-0001-9929-777X, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6038-7337

Anotation. The article examines the white propaganda phenomenon in Ukraine. The empirical stage of the research was focused on information messages based on the popular mass media outlet «Suspilne». The authors emphasized the importance of analyzing both black and white propaganda, as the main tools of white propaganda could be used within the context of black propaganda messages, leading to challenges in distinguishing between propaganda types in the information field. As an example of this phenomenon in the Russian-Ukrainian war context, the authors discussed fake fact-checking based on distorted facts. In that way, media consumers might have accessed to fact-checking, but the information provided was fabricated, rendering white propaganda merely a cover for black propaganda messages. The article paid significant attention to the results of critical discourse analysis of specific relevant news cases from «Suspilne». Messages related to the Ukrainian residents’ adaptation in particularly dangerous regions, mobilization in Ukraine, the supply of Western weapons, and Ukraine’s accession to the EU and NATO were analyzed. In all of these cases, features of white propaganda were identified.
Keywords: The article examines the white propaganda phenomenon in Ukraine. The empirical stage of the research was focused on information messages based on the popular mass media outlet «Suspilne». The authors emphasized the importance of analyzing both black and white propaganda, as the main tools of white propaganda could be used within the context of black propaganda messages, leading to challenges in distinguishing between propaganda types in the information field. As an example of this phenomenon in the Russian-Ukrainian war context, the authors discussed fake fact-checking based on distorted facts. In that way, media consumers might have accessed to fact-checking, but the information provided was fabricated, rendering white propaganda merely a cover for black propaganda messages. The article paid significant attention to the results of critical discourse analysis of specific relevant news cases from «Suspilne». Messages related to the Ukrainian residents’ adaptation in particularly dangerous regions, mobilization in Ukraine, the supply of Western weapons, and Ukraine’s accession to the EU and NATO were analyzed. In all of these cases, features of white propaganda were identified.

STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES IN UKRAINE

Vasyl Papp, Nelya Boshota

Vasyl Papp, Doctor of Economics, Professor, Professor of the Department of Management, Management of Economic Processes and Tourism, Mukachevo State University (Mukachevo, Ukraine)
Nelya Boshota, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Hotel, Restaurant and Museum Affairs, Mukachevo State University (Mukachevo, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0009-0003-9191-3672, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2239-830X

Anotation. The article describes theoretical approaches to the process of strategic planning for the development of territorial communities, considering the optimality and rationality of using their potentials aimed at increasing efficiency and sustainability. Areas of strategic planning, key factors of success and recommendations for optimal use of development potential are considered. The authors characterized the role of local self-government bodies, business representatives and the public in ensuring the sustainable development of communities. At the level of local self-government, recommendations are proposed to ensure sustainable development of territorial communities for the long term, where considerable attention is paid to the study of development potential, including economic, social and environmental aspects, which can be used to increase the competitiveness of communities. The article classifies the potentials of territorial communities and directions of their activation for the formation of strategic priorities for their development.
Keywords: The article describes theoretical approaches to the process of strategic planning for the development of territorial communities, considering the optimality and rationality of using their potentials aimed at increasing efficiency and sustainability. Areas of strategic planning, key factors of success and recommendations for optimal use of development potential are considered. The authors characterized the role of local self-government bodies, business representatives and the public in ensuring the sustainable development of communities. At the level of local self-government, recommendations are proposed to ensure sustainable development of territorial communities for the long term, where considerable attention is paid to the study of development potential, including economic, social and environmental aspects, which can be used to increase the competitiveness of communities. The article classifies the potentials of territorial communities and directions of their activation for the formation of strategic priorities for their development.

THE LEGAL NATURE OF ADMINISTRATIVE POLICE SERVICES IN UKRAINE

Oleksiy Bereznevich

External Postgraduate Student Scientific Institute of Public Law (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0009-0000-0700-0191

Anotation. The article identifies and generalizes the legal nature of administrative police services in Ukraine. It is established that the objective basis of the legal nature of administrative police services consists of administrative service-providing services, which are to be carried out with the aim of ensuring the fullest protection of rights, freedoms, and legitimate interests of private individuals by the units and officers of the National Police of Ukraine. Additionally, coercive administrative services (means) are utilized to counter the full-scale Russian terrorist invasion, ensuring public safety and other public interests of Ukrainian society and the state.
Keywords: The article identifies and generalizes the legal nature of administrative police services in Ukraine. It is established that the objective basis of the legal nature of administrative police services consists of administrative service-providing services, which are to be carried out with the aim of ensuring the fullest protection of rights, freedoms, and legitimate interests of private individuals by the units and officers of the National Police of Ukraine. Additionally, coercive administrative services (means) are utilized to counter the full-scale Russian terrorist invasion, ensuring public safety and other public interests of Ukrainian society and the state.

THE CONNECTION OF ENERGY POLICY AND LABOR LAW: LEGAL CHALLENGES AND CONSEQUENCES FOR THE LABOR MARKET IN THE EU

Oleksandr Galynskyi

Postgraduate student of the Department of Jurisprudence, Faculty of Law, Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0009-0007-3871-0234

Anotation. The article explores the relationship between energy policy and labor law in the context of the European Union (EU). In light of the growing emphasis on sustainable development and the transition to renewable energy sources, special attention is paid to the legal challenges and implications for the labor market. Transitions to climate neutrality and a green economy affect employment in various sectors, especially in regions traditionally dependent on fossil fuels. The article analyzes the legal aspects of this transition, including the role of labor law in ensuring fair conditions for employees, as well as policy initiatives aimed at minimizing the negative effects on the labor market. The author highlights examples of successful transitions at the regional level and discusses the need for a comprehensive approach to addressing the challenges faced by employees and employers in the context of energy transformation.
Keywords: The article explores the relationship between energy policy and labor law in the context of the European Union (EU). In light of the growing emphasis on sustainable development and the transition to renewable energy sources, special attention is paid to the legal challenges and implications for the labor market. Transitions to climate neutrality and a green economy affect employment in various sectors, especially in regions traditionally dependent on fossil fuels. The article analyzes the legal aspects of this transition, including the role of labor law in ensuring fair conditions for employees, as well as policy initiatives aimed at minimizing the negative effects on the labor market. The author highlights examples of successful transitions at the regional level and discusses the need for a comprehensive approach to addressing the challenges faced by employees and employers in the context of energy transformation.

LEGAL REGULATION AND APPLICATION OF ELECTRICITY BLACKOUT SCHEDULES IN UKRAINE

Serhii Garkavenko

Postgraduate student of the Department of Civil, Commercial Law and Process Academy of Advocacy of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0009-0005-2008-5077

Anotation. The article is devoted to the study of the current state of the energy industry and legislation that provides regulation of the application of electricity blackout schedules in Ukraine. In the conditions of permanent missile attacks on critical energy infrastructure facilities, market participants must forecast and balance the electric energy market in such a way as to avoid overloading of electric networks and possible accidents in the system. One of the main tools of market participants is the use of power outage schedules. Appropriate schedules make it possible to balance the network, avoid power shortages and chaotic disconnection of a large number of consumers. It has been established that the main normative act regulating and ensuring the application of electricity cut-off schedules in Ukraine is the Instruction on drawing up and applying schedules of restriction and emergency cut-off of consumers, as well as anti-emergency systems for reducing electricity consumption, which was approved by the order of the Ministry of Fuel and Energy of Ukraine dated 23.11.2006 No. 456 and the Instruction on drawing up and applying hourly power outage schedules, which was approved by the order of the Ministry of Fuel and Energy of Ukraine dated 15.10.2015 No. 654. The issue of types of schedules, their application, control of their implementation, interaction between all participants is revealed.
Keywords: The article is devoted to the study of the current state of the energy industry and legislation that provides regulation of the application of electricity blackout schedules in Ukraine. In the conditions of permanent missile attacks on critical energy infrastructure facilities, market participants must forecast and balance the electric energy market in such a way as to avoid overloading of electric networks and possible accidents in the system. One of the main tools of market participants is the use of power outage schedules. Appropriate schedules make it possible to balance the network, avoid power shortages and chaotic disconnection of a large number of consumers. It has been established that the main normative act regulating and ensuring the application of electricity cut-off schedules in Ukraine is the Instruction on drawing up and applying schedules of restriction and emergency cut-off of consumers, as well as anti-emergency systems for reducing electricity consumption, which was approved by the order of the Ministry of Fuel and Energy of Ukraine dated 23.11.2006 No. 456 and the Instruction on drawing up and applying hourly power outage schedules, which was approved by the order of the Ministry of Fuel and Energy of Ukraine dated 15.10.2015 No. 654. The issue of types of schedules, their application, control of their implementation, interaction between all participants is revealed.

THE THEORIES OF SOCIAL SECURITY MODELING: REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC DISCUSSIONS AND CONCEPTUAL CHARACTERISTICS

Mykola Kropyvnytskyi

candidate of Law Science (PhD)

ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0981-0774

Anotation. The article is devoted to examining the theories of social security modeling through the prism of theoretical works of the social sphere researchers. Richard Morris Titmuss (1907–1973), one of the leaders of the London School of Economics, classified welfare states into three models of: a) residual welfare; b) institutional redistribution; c) industrial success. G. Esping-Andersen singled out three models of welfare states which largerly correspond to Titmuss’s models. The liberal Anglo-Saxon model which ensures the provision of minimum social standards corresponds to the Titmuss’s residual model (The Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, USA and Canada as example), conservative corporate model – with a model of industrial success (Germany, France, Italy, Austria), the social-democratic model of Northern Europe countries – with the model of institutional redistribution. The scientific debate on welfare state models went beyond Esping-Andersen’s concept of three worlds and subsequently spawned three more models at least: a) welfare states within the framework of special transitional regimes of Eastern Europe countries called post-communist conservative corporatism; b) family-oriented Confucian model of Japan and new industrial countries of East Asia; c) South European.
Keywords: The article is devoted to examining the theories of social security modeling through the prism of theoretical works of the social sphere researchers. Richard Morris Titmuss (1907–1973), one of the leaders of the London School of Economics, classified welfare states into three models of: a) residual welfare; b) institutional redistribution; c) industrial success. G. Esping-Andersen singled out three models of welfare states which largerly correspond to Titmuss’s models. The liberal Anglo-Saxon model which ensures the provision of minimum social standards corresponds to the Titmuss’s residual model (The Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, USA and Canada as example), conservative corporate model – with a model of industrial success (Germany, France, Italy, Austria), the social-democratic model of Northern Europe countries – with the model of institutional redistribution. The scientific debate on welfare state models went beyond Esping-Andersen’s concept of three worlds and subsequently spawned three more models at least: a) welfare states within the framework of special transitional regimes of Eastern Europe countries called post-communist conservative corporatism; b) family-oriented Confucian model of Japan and new industrial countries of East Asia; c) South European.

SOME AREAS OF IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL SUPPORT OF THE PROCEDURE FOR THE REMOVAL OF A JUDGE

Tetiana Kutelvas

Postgraduate Student at the Department of Constitutional and Administrative Law Zaporizhzhia National University (Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0009-0001-5495-2854

Anotation. The article examines certain areas of improving the efficiency of administrative and legal support for the procedure of removal of a judge. It is noted that the institution of disciplinary liability of judges plays an important role in the process of establishing high standards of independence, professionalism and integrity of the judiciary. The mechanism of bringing a judge to disciplinary liability provided for by the Constitution of Ukraine and the Laws of Ukraine ’On the Judiciary and the Status of Judges’ and ’On the High Council of Justice’ is designed to ensure the full exercise of this right. The effectiveness of this mechanism determines not only the standards of professionalism and ethics required of persons administering justice, but also the level of trust in the judiciary as a whole. It is concluded that in order to improve the mechanism of operation of the institution of disciplinary liability of judges, it is advisable to: 1) to develop and approve the disciplinary statute of a judge containing a system of specific cases of judicial misconduct; 2) to differentiate the types of legal liability (e.g., fines); 3) to include in the mechanism of legal liability a wider range of persons and bodies which may initiate the procedure of removal depending on the offence committed by a judge.
Keywords: The article examines certain areas of improving the efficiency of administrative and legal support for the procedure of removal of a judge. It is noted that the institution of disciplinary liability of judges plays an important role in the process of establishing high standards of independence, professionalism and integrity of the judiciary. The mechanism of bringing a judge to disciplinary liability provided for by the Constitution of Ukraine and the Laws of Ukraine ’On the Judiciary and the Status of Judges’ and ’On the High Council of Justice’ is designed to ensure the full exercise of this right. The effectiveness of this mechanism determines not only the standards of professionalism and ethics required of persons administering justice, but also the level of trust in the judiciary as a whole. It is concluded that in order to improve the mechanism of operation of the institution of disciplinary liability of judges, it is advisable to: 1) to develop and approve the disciplinary statute of a judge containing a system of specific cases of judicial misconduct; 2) to differentiate the types of legal liability (e.g., fines); 3) to include in the mechanism of legal liability a wider range of persons and bodies which may initiate the procedure of removal depending on the offence committed by a judge.

ISSUANCE OF BYLAWS AS A TOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING IN THE NATIONAL POLICE OF UKRAINE

Maksym Lymar

Researcher at the Research Institute of Public Law (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0009-0002-3834-9024

Anotation. The article explores the legal nature of issuing subordinate normative legal acts by general and specialized administrative bodies that conduct public administration in the field of professional training within the National Police of Ukraine. It has been proven that subordinate normative legal acts are the leading and sole legislative instrument of public administration in the field of professional training within the National Police of Ukraine. These acts clarify and specify the norms of relevant laws, ensuring clarity, quality, and efficiency in administrative activities in the field of professional police training, forming secondary norms of administrative law necessary for the organization and functioning of the training system, establishing orders and provisions necessary for the implementation of training programs and the preparation of personnel in the National Police.
Keywords: The article explores the legal nature of issuing subordinate normative legal acts by general and specialized administrative bodies that conduct public administration in the field of professional training within the National Police of Ukraine. It has been proven that subordinate normative legal acts are the leading and sole legislative instrument of public administration in the field of professional training within the National Police of Ukraine. These acts clarify and specify the norms of relevant laws, ensuring clarity, quality, and efficiency in administrative activities in the field of professional police training, forming secondary norms of administrative law necessary for the organization and functioning of the training system, establishing orders and provisions necessary for the implementation of training programs and the preparation of personnel in the National Police.

GENERAL PRACTICE OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS ON VIOLATION OF THE RULES OF ETHICAL BEHAVIOR BY EMPLOYEES: ANALYSIS AND IMPLICATIONS

Tetiana Pertsova

Postgraduate Student at the Department of Law of the Faculty of Law Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0009-0003-1522-9182

Anotation. The article examines the general case law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) on violation of the rules of ethical behavior by employees. The analysis of judgments allows us to understand how the Court balances the protection of employees’ rights to freedom of expression and the protection of the legitimate interests of employers. The article examines how the presence or absence of clear ethical standards affects the behavior of employees in different contexts and how this is reflected in court decisions. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the criteria used by the Court to assess the admissibility of restrictions on the right to freedom of expression in labor relations. These criteria include the nature of the statements, the author’s motives, the potential harm caused to the employer, and the severity of the sanction imposed. The article emphasizes that the ECtHR seeks to ensure a fair balance between the rights of employees and the interests of employers. At the same time, each case requires a thorough analysis of all circumstances, which allows avoiding a formal approach and taking into account the specifics of each situation, namely, how ethical norms and professional duties affect labor relations and legal practice in Europe.
Keywords: The article examines the general case law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) on violation of the rules of ethical behavior by employees. The analysis of judgments allows us to understand how the Court balances the protection of employees’ rights to freedom of expression and the protection of the legitimate interests of employers. The article examines how the presence or absence of clear ethical standards affects the behavior of employees in different contexts and how this is reflected in court decisions. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the criteria used by the Court to assess the admissibility of restrictions on the right to freedom of expression in labor relations. These criteria include the nature of the statements, the author’s motives, the potential harm caused to the employer, and the severity of the sanction imposed. The article emphasizes that the ECtHR seeks to ensure a fair balance between the rights of employees and the interests of employers. At the same time, each case requires a thorough analysis of all circumstances, which allows avoiding a formal approach and taking into account the specifics of each situation, namely, how ethical norms and professional duties affect labor relations and legal practice in Europe.

THE SYSTEM OF ENTITIES IMPLEMENTING ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL PROTECTION OF OBJECTS OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE FINANCIAL SECTOR OF UKRAINE

Oleksandr Sharuk

Postgraduate Student of the Scientific Research Institute of Public Law (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0009-0000-6320-7015

Anotation. It has been clarified that the issue of defining the system of entities responsible for the administrative and legal protection of critical infrastructure objects in the financial sector of Ukraine is current and scientifically underdeveloped. It is noted that this does not create significant obstacles for determining the representatives of the system of entities responsible for the administrative and legal protection of critical infrastructure objects in the financial sector of Ukraine, as the norms of the Law of Ukraine "On Critical Infrastructure" quite clearly establish its outlines. Currently, it is possible to speak about their classic distribution into sectoral (Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, National Bank of Ukraine), functional (for example, security sector bodies, cybersecurity bodies), and authorized (currently – State Service of Special Communications and Information Protection of Ukraine) bodies. An alternative distribution option is proposed, which allows them to be grouped according to their affiliation to the tasks performed by those who: 1) represent this system (Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, National Bank of Ukraine, State Service of Special Communications and Information Protection of Ukraine, National Securities and Stock Market Commission, Deposit Guarantee Fund); 2) function to fulfill the tasks of sectoral, functional, and authorized bodies of critical infrastructure protection in Ukraine (for example, the Cybersecurity Center of the National Bank of Ukraine or the State Cyber Protection Center of the State Service of Special Communications and Information Protection of Ukraine); 3) are an independent interdepartmental body performing specialized functions (Financial Stability Council).
Keywords: It has been clarified that the issue of defining the system of entities responsible for the administrative and legal protection of critical infrastructure objects in the financial sector of Ukraine is current and scientifically underdeveloped. It is noted that this does not create significant obstacles for determining the representatives of the system of entities responsible for the administrative and legal protection of critical infrastructure objects in the financial sector of Ukraine, as the norms of the Law of Ukraine "On Critical Infrastructure" quite clearly establish its outlines. Currently, it is possible to speak about their classic distribution into sectoral (Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, National Bank of Ukraine), functional (for example, security sector bodies, cybersecurity bodies), and authorized (currently – State Service of Special Communications and Information Protection of Ukraine) bodies. An alternative distribution option is proposed, which allows them to be grouped according to their affiliation to the tasks performed by those who: 1) represent this system (Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, National Bank of Ukraine, State Service of Special Communications and Information Protection of Ukraine, National Securities and Stock Market Commission, Deposit Guarantee Fund); 2) function to fulfill the tasks of sectoral, functional, and authorized bodies of critical infrastructure protection in Ukraine (for example, the Cybersecurity Center of the National Bank of Ukraine or the State Cyber Protection Center of the State Service of Special Communications and Information Protection of Ukraine); 3) are an independent interdepartmental body performing specialized functions (Financial Stability Council).

ESSENCE AND ROLE OF STATE ADMINISTRATION IN THE SPHERE OF OVERCOMING THE CONSEQUENCES OF MILITARY ACTIONS IN UKRAINE

Oleksandr Pivnenko

Main Headquarters of the National Guard of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0009-0009-3528-609X

Anotation. Abstract. The topic of the research of the essence and role of state administration in the sphere of overcoming the consequences of military actions in Ukraine has been updated. It was established that the existing mechanisms of state response to crisis situations that threaten the national security of Ukraine have relatively weak effectiveness and require further scientific development. It is proposed to analize the above problems through the prism of improving the processes of state (public) administration at various levels of the state service. It is emphasized that next to the state service in the sphere of overcoming the consequences of military actions, local self-government acquires no less importance. It was determined that the fundamental mechanism of implementation of state management in the sphere of overcoming the consequences of military actions in Ukraine by local self-government bodies is the mechanism of delegation of powers. An analysis of projects of normative legal acts of the legislative framework and strategic documents in the sphere of overcoming the consequences of armed aggression was carried out. It is substantiated that the main goal of strategic changes should be the construction of a coherent state policy regarding the reintegration of the de-occupied territories of Ukraine, taking into account the conditions, duration and consequences of the temporary occupation for the residents of these territories and the State of Ukraine. Directions for further scientific research are given.
Keywords: Abstract. The topic of the research of the essence and role of state administration in the sphere of overcoming the consequences of military actions in Ukraine has been updated. It was established that the existing mechanisms of state response to crisis situations that threaten the national security of Ukraine have relatively weak effectiveness and require further scientific development. It is proposed to analize the above problems through the prism of improving the processes of state (public) administration at various levels of the state service. It is emphasized that next to the state service in the sphere of overcoming the consequences of military actions, local self-government acquires no less importance. It was determined that the fundamental mechanism of implementation of state management in the sphere of overcoming the consequences of military actions in Ukraine by local self-government bodies is the mechanism of delegation of powers. An analysis of projects of normative legal acts of the legislative framework and strategic documents in the sphere of overcoming the consequences of armed aggression was carried out. It is substantiated that the main goal of strategic changes should be the construction of a coherent state policy regarding the reintegration of the de-occupied territories of Ukraine, taking into account the conditions, duration and consequences of the temporary occupation for the residents of these territories and the State of Ukraine. Directions for further scientific research are given.

REGULATORY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF THE MECHANISM OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL PRINCIPLES OF USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND INFORMATION RESOURCES IN THE FIELD OF PUBLIC SERVICE OF UKRAINE

Oleksandr Kudriavtsev

PhD student of the Department of Constitutional and Administrative Law of
Zaporizhzhia National University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine

ORCID ID: 0009-0001-2458-4552

Anotation. Abstract. The article examines the regulatory and legal framework of the mechanism of administrative and legal principles of use of information technologies and information resources in the field of public service of Ukraine. It is indicated that in the digital era, the mechanism of administrative and legal framework for the use of information technologies and information resources in the public service is not only an indicator of efficiency, but also a strategic differentiator. It is concluded that the mechanism of administrative and legal framework for the use of information technologies and information resources in the public service of Ukraine can be understood as a system of administrative and legal methods, techniques, means and ways used in the public service within the limits of their powers with a view to creating the necessary conditions for the use of information technologies and information resources in the public service of Ukraine.
Keywords: Abstract. The article examines the regulatory and legal framework of the mechanism of administrative and legal principles of use of information technologies and information resources in the field of public service of Ukraine. It is indicated that in the digital era, the mechanism of administrative and legal framework for the use of information technologies and information resources in the public service is not only an indicator of efficiency, but also a strategic differentiator. It is concluded that the mechanism of administrative and legal framework for the use of information technologies and information resources in the public service of Ukraine can be understood as a system of administrative and legal methods, techniques, means and ways used in the public service within the limits of their powers with a view to creating the necessary conditions for the use of information technologies and information resources in the public service of Ukraine.

PRINCIPLES OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL SUPPORT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF POLICY IN THE FIELD OF SPORTS DEVELOPMENT

Evgeni Heller

PhD student of the Department of Constitutional and Administrative Law of
Zaporizhzhia National University (Zaporizhia, Ukraine)

ORCID ID: 0009-0003-9138-2920

Anotation. Abstract. The article examines the principles of administrative and legal support for the implementation of policy in the field of sports development of the individual. It is indicated that there are some principles of administrative and legal support for the implementation of policy in the field of sports development of the individual which are generally accepted today. These principles should include: the rule of law, legality, equality, controllability, democracy, priority of public policy, responsibility and independence, transparency and accountability, participation and pluralism, subsidiarity, efficiency, effectiveness and efficiency, systematicity and complexity, adaptability and creativity, purposefulness, consideration of the opinion of the subjects of policy implementation in the field of personal sports development in the decision-making process, as well as justice and accountability to the community, etc. This is an optimal list of the fundamental principles of administrative and legal support for the implementation of policy in the field of personal sports development, the task of which is to bridge the wide gaps that exist between the theory and practice of administrative and legal support for the implementation of policy in the field of personal sports development.
Keywords: Abstract. The article examines the principles of administrative and legal support for the implementation of policy in the field of sports development of the individual. It is indicated that there are some principles of administrative and legal support for the implementation of policy in the field of sports development of the individual which are generally accepted today. These principles should include: the rule of law, legality, equality, controllability, democracy, priority of public policy, responsibility and independence, transparency and accountability, participation and pluralism, subsidiarity, efficiency, effectiveness and efficiency, systematicity and complexity, adaptability and creativity, purposefulness, consideration of the opinion of the subjects of policy implementation in the field of personal sports development in the decision-making process, as well as justice and accountability to the community, etc. This is an optimal list of the fundamental principles of administrative and legal support for the implementation of policy in the field of personal sports development, the task of which is to bridge the wide gaps that exist between the theory and practice of administrative and legal support for the implementation of policy in the field of personal sports development.